Publications
Cancer immunology researchFeb 2024 DOI:
10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-23-0679

High-specificity CRISPR-mediated genome engineering in anti-BCMA allogeneic CAR T cells suppresses allograft rejection in preclinical models

Degagné, Émilie; Donohoue, Paul D; Roy, Suparna; Scherer, Jessica; Fowler, Tristan W; Davis, Ryan T; Reyes, Gustavo A; Kwong, George; Stanaway, Morena; Larroca Vicena, Vanina; Mutha, Devin; Guo, Raymond; Edwards, Leslie; Schilling, Benjamin; Shaw, McKay; Smith, Stephen C; Kohrs, Bryan; Kufeldt, Heinrich J; Churchward, Glen; Ruan, Finey; Nyer, David B; McSweeney, Kyle; Irby, Matthew J; Fuller, Christopher K; Banh, Lynda; Toh, Mckenzi S; Thompson, Matthew; Owen, Arthur L G; An, Zili; Gradia, Scott; Skoble, Justin; Bryan, Mara; Garner, Elizabeth; Kanner, Steven B
Product Used
Genes
Abstract
Allogeneic chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies hold the potential to overcome many of the challenges associated with patient-derived (autologous) CAR T cells. Key considerations in the development of allogeneic CAR T-cell therapies include prevention of GvHD and suppression of allograft rejection. Here we describe preclinical data supporting the ongoing first-in-human clinical study, the CaMMouflage trial (NCT05722418), evaluating CB-011 in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. CB-011 is a hypoimmunogenic, allogeneic anti-B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) CAR T-cell therapy candidate. CB-011 cells feature 4 genomic alterations and were engineered from healthy donor-derived T cells using a Cas12a CRISPR hybrid RNA-DNA (chRDNA) genome-editing technology platform. To address allograft rejection, CAR T cells were engineered to prevent endogenous human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I complex expression and overexpress a single-chain polyprotein complex composed of beta-2 microglobulin (B2M) tethered to HLA-E. Additionally, T-cell receptor (TCR) expression was disrupted at the TCR alpha constant locus in combination with the site-specific insertion of a humanized BCMA-specific CAR. CB-011 cells exhibited robust plasmablast cytotoxicity in vitro in a mixed lymphocyte reaction in cell co-cultures derived from patients with multiple myeloma. Additionally, CB-011 cells demonstrated suppressed recognition by and cytotoxicity from HLA-mismatched T cells. CB-011 cells were protected from natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo due to endogenous promoter-driven expression of B2M-HLA-E. Potent antitumor efficacy, when combined with an immune-cloaking armoring strategy to dampen allograft rejection, offers optimized therapeutic potential in multiple myeloma.
Product Used
Genes

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