The Membrane-associated Periodic Skeleton (MPS) is a specialized submembrane cytoskeleton of neuronal cells, characterized by a highly ordered 190 nm periodic lattice, with emerging functions in mechanical resilience, inter- and intracellular signaling, and action potential transmission. Here, we identify Paralemmin-1 (Palm1) as a new component and regulator of the MPS. Palm1 binds to the N-terminal region of βII-spectrin, a core MPS component, and is periodically organized along the axon in hippocampal neurons. Applying the 3D imaging power of MINFLUX, we locate Palm1 in close proximity (