FIGURE 10 Open in figure viewer__PowerPoint [/action/downloadFigures?id=pld3407-fig-0010&doi=10.1002%2Fpld3.407] Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of _JIH1_ and its effects on defense gene expression and insect growth. Maize inbred line P39 was rub inoculated with sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) carrying a _JIH1_ fragment, or _GFP_ as a control, in the antisense orientation. Expression of (a) _JIH1_, (b) _MPI_, and (c) _RIP2_ was measured by qRT-PCR 3 weeks after SCMV infection. Mean ± s.e. of _N_ = 5. (d) _Spodoptera frugiperda_ caterpillar weight after 1 week, mean ± s.e. of _N_ = 14 (control) and _N_ = 17 (_JIH1_). (e) Relative growth rate of _Schistocerca americana_ nymphs, mean ± s.e. of _N_ = 8 (control) and 15 (_JIH1_). (f) Total number of aphids 1 week after aphids were place on plants, mean ± s.e. of _N_ = 12; the control sample is the same as in Figure 6f; *_p_