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Portable Microfluidics-Based Automated Lamp Platform for Molecular Diagnostics
Abstract
Since its advent in the 1980s, PCR has grown to become the global standard in genetic testing for disease, viral outbreaks, and bacterial infections. With its high sensitivity and specificity to the genetic markers being tracked, PCR can provide epidemiologists, physicians, and researchers valuable information critical towards proper disease management. Today, this form of genetic testing is used from developing countries working to monitor HIV and Ebola outbreaks to routine breast cancer check-ups targeting specific known markers indicative of high-risk patients. However, PCR is not without its limitations. In many cases, specific thermal requirements have led to high-power, large systems, thus limiting battery power and portability. Additionally, sample preparation is often a manual process requiring technical expertise and unnecessary risk of exposure to individuals administering the tests. One method aiming to simplify the process which is growing in popularity is Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP), which can amplify genetic material while holding the sample at one elevated temperature, reducing the need for multiple bulky and power-hungry heating stages. It can be argued that the importance of rapidly deployable, easy-to-use, and fast timeto-result genetic testing has never been more visible than during the COVID-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, it is estimated that the molecular diagnostics point of care market will grow to USD .84B by the year 2026. Additional techniques and process simplifications are necessary to further grow the field of point of care genetic testing, specifically targeting weaknesses which exist in a majority of commercially available systems. The goal of the vii present work is to develop a portable system with reliable miniaturized heating mechanisms and automated sample introduction in a microfluidic platform, enabling lowcost battery powered operation and minimizing exposure risk to the end user.
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Genes
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