Similar to the incredible advances in DNA sequencing, the de novo synthesis of DNA is subject to innovations and fast progress in terms of synthesis speed and cost. We will discuss novel techniques that are expected to enable high‐throughput synthesis of oligonucleotides on microarrays and the subsequent assembly into longer fragments, up to whole genomes. Especially, the inherent disadvantages of microarray‐derived oligonucleotide pools for gene synthesis will be discussed in detail, and also the different approaches to still render these oligonucleotides useful for gene assembly. These so‐called next‐generation techniques will lead to a significant cost reduction of gene synthesis and to the possibility of much larger projects, such as whole genome synthesis.