Colonization of Group B Streptococcus in Pregnant Women and Their Neonates from a Sri Lankan Hospital

ABSTRACT

We investigated the molecular epidemiology of Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus, GBS) from carriage in a cohort of pregnant mothers and their respective newborns in aTeaching Hospital in Sri Lanka. GBS vaginal carriage was assessed on pregnant mothers at predelivery (n = 250), post-delivery (n = 130), and from peri-rectal swabs of neonates (n = 159) in aprospective study. All colonizing, non-duplicate GBS isolates (n = 60) were analyzed for antimicrobialsusceptibilities, capsular serotyping, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS). The percentage of GBScarriage in mothers in the pre-delivery and post-delivery cohorts were 11.2% (n = 28) and 19.2%(n = 25), respectively, and 4.4% (n = 7) in neonates. GBS isolates predominantly belonged to serotypeVI (17/60, 28.3%). The isolates spanned across 12 sequence types (STs), with ST1 (24/60, 40%) beingthe most predominant ST. Concomitant resistance to erythromycin, tetracyclines, and gentamicinwas observed in eight strains (13.3%). WGS revealed the presence of antimicrobial resistance genesincluding ermA (5/60), mefA (1/60), msrD (1/60), and tetLMO (2/60, 28/60, and 1/60, respectively)among 60 strains. The study provides insight into the diversity of vaccine targets of GBS sinceserotype VI is yet to be covered in the vaccine development program.