The intestinal tract is subject to multiple antigens that are consumed with food, detrimental foreign pathogens, and antigens from symbiotic bacteria. The mucosal lining of the intestinal tract is a well-equipped combatant against these invasions since it employs multiple layers of defense. Physical barriers are set up using tight junction barriers to physically hinder the invasion of pathogenic molecules. Microvilli generate an electrostatic zeta charge to impair pathogen binding and goblet cells in the intestinal tract generate a mucous layer that physicochemically inhibits the attachment of harmful antigens. Inductive immune sites in the gut called Peyer’s patch are found in the Gut-associated lymphoid tissue, these sites directly sample mucosal antigens via the use of specialized epithelial cells in the follicular associated epithelium known as Microfold cells or M cells. M cells form a part of the adaptive immunity barrier as they house B cells, T cells, and other antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells. This immune ecosystem is required for producing secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA). SIgA production is dependent on the uptake of commensal particles and antigens and subsequent activation of B cells, T cells, and dendritic cells. M cells serve as a portal for the entry of foreign antigens to induce an antigen-specific immune response.